CKAD STUDY REFERENCE - CKAD TEST TUTORIALS

CKAD Study Reference - CKAD Test Tutorials

CKAD Study Reference - CKAD Test Tutorials

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Linux Foundation Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) exam is a popular certification program that tests the knowledge and skills of developers who work with Kubernetes. CKAD Exam is designed to evaluate an individual's proficiency in designing, building, configuring, and deploying cloud-native applications on Kubernetes clusters. Candidates who pass the CKAD exam are officially recognized as certified Kubernetes application developers by the Linux Foundation.

Prerequisites of CNCF Certified Kubernetes Application Developer Exam

The Kubernetes exam requires you to have a basic understanding of Linux and the command line. The exam does not require you to have any knowledge of container technology. The exam itself will cover Kubernetes concepts, examples, and configuration.

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Linux Foundation Certified Kubernetes Application Developer (CKAD) certification exam is a popular exam that offers developers the opportunity to demonstrate their skills and expertise in Kubernetes application development. CKAD Exam is designed to assess the skills of developers who work with Kubernetes on a daily basis and are looking to validate their skills and knowledge.

Linux Foundation Certified Kubernetes Application Developer Exam Sample Questions (Q172-Q177):

NEW QUESTION # 172
You have a Kubernetes application that requires configuration values to be injected into the application's environment variables. You want to manage these configuration values centrally and allow for easy updates and versioning. You are considering using Kustomize to achieve this.

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Create a base configuration file:
- Define the base configuration values in a file named 'base-yaml'

2. Create a Kustomjzation file: - Create a file named ' kustomization.yaml' to define the Kustomize configuration:

3. Create an overlay for development environment - Create a directory named 'dev' and create a 'kustomization.yamr file within it:

- Create a 'patch.yaml' file within the 'devs directory to override the base configuratiom

4. Apply the configuration: - To apply the base configuration, use: bash kubectl apply -k - To apply the configuration for the development environment, use: bash kubectl apply -k dev 5. Verify the configuration: - You can verify the applied configuration by listing the ConfigMaps: bash kubectl get configmaps -n my-app-namespace - You can View tne specific configuration values using Ski-Ibectl get configmap my-app-config -n my-app-namespace -o yaml ,


NEW QUESTION # 173

Context
A project that you are working on has a requirement for persistent data to be available.
Task
To facilitate this, perform the following tasks:
* Create a file on node sk8s-node-0 at /opt/KDSP00101/data/index.html with the content Acct=Finance
* Create a PersistentVolume named task-pv-volume using hostPath and allocate 1Gi to it, specifying that the volume is at /opt/KDSP00101/data on the cluster's node. The configuration should specify the access mode of ReadWriteOnce . It should define the StorageClass name exam for the PersistentVolume , which will be used to bind PersistentVolumeClaim requests to this PersistenetVolume.
* Create a PefsissentVolumeClaim named task-pv-claim that requests a volume of at least 100Mi and specifies an access mode of ReadWriteOnce
* Create a pod that uses the PersistentVolmeClaim as a volume with a label app: my-storage-app mounting the resulting volume to a mountPath /usr/share/nginx/html inside the pod

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution below.
Explanation
Solution:










NEW QUESTION # 174
Context

Context
A pod is running on the cluster but it is not responding.
Task
The desired behavior is to have Kubemetes restart the pod when an endpoint returns an HTTP 500 on the /healthz endpoint. The service, probe-pod, should never send traffic to the pod while it is failing. Please complete the following:
* The application has an endpoint, /started, that will indicate if it can accept traffic by returning an HTTP 200. If the endpoint returns an HTTP 500, the application has not yet finished initialization.
* The application has another endpoint /healthz that will indicate if the application is still working as expected by returning an HTTP 200. If the endpoint returns an HTTP 500 the application is no longer responsive.
* Configure the probe-pod pod provided to use these endpoints
* The probes should use port 8080

Answer:

Explanation:
Solution:
apiVersion: v1
kind: Pod
metadata:
labels:
test: liveness
name: liveness-exec
spec:
containers:
- name: liveness
image: k8s.gcr.io/busybox
args:
- /bin/sh
- -c
- touch /tmp/healthy; sleep 30; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep 600
livenessProbe:
exec:
command:
- cat
- /tmp/healthy
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 5
In the configuration file, you can see that the Pod has a single Container. The periodSeconds field specifies that the kubelet should perform a liveness probe every 5 seconds. The initialDelaySeconds field tells the kubelet that it should wait 5 seconds before performing the first probe. To perform a probe, the kubelet executes the command cat /tmp/healthy in the target container. If the command succeeds, it returns 0, and the kubelet considers the container to be alive and healthy. If the command returns a non-zero value, the kubelet kills the container and restarts it.
When the container starts, it executes this command:
/bin/sh -c "touch /tmp/healthy; sleep 30; rm -rf /tmp/healthy; sleep 600" For the first 30 seconds of the container's life, there is a /tmp/healthy file. So during the first 30 seconds, the command cat /tmp/healthy returns a success code. After 30 seconds, cat /tmp/healthy returns a failure code.
Create the Pod:
kubectl apply -f https://k8s.io/examples/pods/probe/exec-liveness.yaml
Within 30 seconds, view the Pod events:
kubectl describe pod liveness-exec
The output indicates that no liveness probes have failed yet:
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
24s 24s 1 {default-scheduler } Normal Scheduled Successfully assigned liveness-exec to worker0
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulling pulling image "k8s.gcr.io/busybox"
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulled Successfully pulled image "k8s.gcr.io/busybox"
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Created Created container with docker id 86849c15382e; Security:[seccomp=unconfined]
23s 23s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Started Started container with docker id 86849c15382e After 35 seconds, view the Pod events again:
kubectl describe pod liveness-exec
At the bottom of the output, there are messages indicating that the liveness probes have failed, and the containers have been killed and recreated.
FirstSeen LastSeen Count From SubobjectPath Type Reason Message
--------- -------- ----- ---- ------------- -------- ------ -------
37s 37s 1 {default-scheduler } Normal Scheduled Successfully assigned liveness-exec to worker0
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulling pulling image "k8s.gcr.io/busybox"
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Pulled Successfully pulled image "k8s.gcr.io/busybox"
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Created Created container with docker id 86849c15382e; Security:[seccomp=unconfined]
36s 36s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Normal Started Started container with docker id 86849c15382e
2s 2s 1 {kubelet worker0} spec.containers{liveness} Warning Unhealthy Liveness probe failed: cat: can't open '/tmp/healthy': No such file or directory Wait another 30 seconds, and verify that the container has been restarted:
kubectl get pod liveness-exec
The output shows that RESTARTS has been incremented:
NAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGE
liveness-exec 1/1 Running 1 1m


NEW QUESTION # 175
You have a Deployment named 'mysql-deployment running a MySQL database container. The 'mysql-deployment' has 2 replicas and you want to implement a blue-green deployment strategy for updating the database. The following steps need to be implemented:
- Create a new Deployment called 'mysql-deployment-new' with the updated MySQL image.
- Ensure that both deployments (old and new) are running concurrently.
- Route traffic to the 'mysql-deployment-new' deployment.
- Remove the old deployment ('mysql-deployment) once the traffic is switched over.

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
1. Create a new Deployment with updated image:
- Create a new Deployment named 'mysql-deployment-new' with the updated MySQL image. You can either create a new YAML tile or use 'kubectl create deployment' command.
- Ensure that the new deployment has the same number ot replicas as the old deployment.

2. Apply the new Deployment: - Apply the new Deployment YAML using 'kubectl apply -f mysql-deployment-new.yamr 3. Check Deployment status: - IJse ' kubectl get deployments' to verity that both deployments are running. You should see both 'mysql-deployment' and 'mysql-deployment-new' . 4. Update Service to use the new deployment: - Update the Service that is associated with the MySQL database to point to the new Deployment

- Apply the updated Service YAML using 'kubectl apply -f mysql-service-yamr 5. Verify traffic routing: - Test the application or services that rely on the MySQL database to ensure that the traffic is now being routed to the 'mysql-deployment-new' 6. Delete old Deployment: - Once you have verified that the traffic is successfully routed to the new Deployment, you can delete the old Deployment 'mysql-deployment' using 'kubectl delete deployment mysql-deployment'.]


NEW QUESTION # 176
You need to configure a Kubernetes deployment to use a secret stored in a different namespace. How can you access the secret in a different namespace, and how can you mount it as a file in your deployment's container?

Answer:

Explanation:
See the solution below with Step by Step Explanation.
Explanation:
Solution (Step by Step) :
I). Ensure Access to the Secret:
- The service account used by your deployment needs to have read access to the secret in the other namespace. This can be done using a Role and RoleBinding. If the service account already has access, skip to step 2.
- Create a role in the secret's namespace:

- Create a RoleBinding in the secret's namespace:

- Apply the Role and RoleBinding using: bash kubectl apply -f role-yaml kubectl apply -f rolebinding.yaml 2. Modify your Deployment - Update your Deployment YAML file to mount the secret as a file, specifying the namespace:

- Replace 'my-secret with the actual name of the secret and 'secret-namespace with the namespace where the secret is stored. 3. Apply the Updated Deployment: - Apply the updated deployment using: bash kubectl apply -f my-deployment.yaml 4. Access Secret Data: - The secret's data is now mounted in the container at the specified 'mountPatm. You can access the secret's data using the mounted file.]


NEW QUESTION # 177
......

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